Compare Papua New Guinea (2002) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2002)

Compare Papua New Guinea (2002) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2002)

	Papua New Guinea (2002)	Turks and Caicos Islands (2002)

Administrative divisions	20 provinces; Bougainville, Central, Chimbu, Eastern Highlands, East New Britain, East Sepik, Enga, Gulf, Madang, Manus, Milne Bay, Morobe, National Capital, New Ireland, Northern, Sandaun, Southern Highlands, Western, Western Highlands, West New Britain	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure	0-14 years: 38.6% (male 1,013,936; female 980,841) 15-64 years: 57.7% (male 1,544,650; female 1,440,628) 65 years and over: 3.7% (male 90,661; female 101,317) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 32.6% (male 3,101; female 3,004) 15-64 years: 63.6% (male 6,266; female 5,651) 65 years and over: 3.8% (male 319; female 397) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	coffee, cocoa, coconuts, palm kernels, tea, rubber, sweet potatoes, fruit, vegetables; poultry, pork	corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Airports	490 (2001)	8 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 21 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 14 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 1 (2002)	total: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 470 1,524 to 2,437 m: 11 914 to 1,523 m: 56 under 914 m: 403 (2002)	total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Area	total: 462,840 sq km land: 452,860 sq km water: 9,980 sq km	total: 430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than California	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The eastern half of the island of New Guinea - second largest in the world - was divided between Germany (north) and the UK (south) in 1885. The latter area was transferred to Australia in 1902, which occupied the northern portion during World War I and continued to administer the combined areas until independence in 1975. A nine-year secessionist revolt on the island of Bougainville ended in 1997, after claiming some 20,000 lives.	The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory.
Birth rate	31.61 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	24.18 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $894 million expenditures: $1.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $344 million (2000 est.)	revenues: $47 million expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-98 est.)
Capital	Port Moresby	Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)
Climate	tropical; northwest monsoon (December to March), southeast monsoon (May to October); slight seasonal temperature variation	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline	5,152 km	389 km
Constitution	16 September 1975	introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988
Country name	conventional long form: Independent State of Papua New Guinea conventional short form: Papua New Guinea former: Territory of Papua and New Guinea abbreviation: PNG	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands
Currency	kina (PGK)	US dollar (USD)
Death rate	7.75 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	4.38 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$2.6 billion (2000 est.)	$NA
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Susan S. JACOBS embassy: Douglas Street (adjacent to the Bank of Papua New Guinea), Port Moresby mailing address: P. O. Box 1492, Port Moresby, HCD121 telephone: [675] 321-1455 FAX: [675] 321-1593	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Nagora Y. BOGAN chancery: 1779 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Suite 805, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 745-3680 FAX: [1] (202) 745-3679	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$400 million (1999 est.)	$4.1 million (1997) (1997)
Economy - overview	Papua New Guinea is richly endowed with natural resources, but exploitation has been hampered by rugged terrain and the high cost of developing infrastructure. Agriculture provides a subsistence livelihood for 85% of the population. Mineral deposits, including oil, copper, and gold, account for 72% of export earnings. The economy has declined over the past two years and will probably continue to falter in 2002. Prime Minister Mekere MORAUTA has tried to restore integrity to state institutions, stabilize the kina, restore stability to the national budget, privatize public enterprises where appropriate, and ensure ongoing peace on Bougainville. The government has had considerable success in attracting international support, specifically gaining the support of the IMF and the World Bank in securing development assistance loans. Significant challenges remain for MORAUTA, however, including gaining further investor confidence, specifically for the proposed Papua New Guinea-Australia oil pipeline, continuing efforts to privatize government assets, and maintaining the support of members of Parliament.	The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the 93,000 visitors in 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.
Electricity - consumption	1.535 billion kWh (2000)	4.65 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	1.65 billion kWh (2000)	5 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 55% hydro: 45% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Wilhelm 4,509 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Environment - current issues	rain forest subject to deforestation as a result of growing commercial demand for tropical timber; pollution from mining projects; severe drought	limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements	party to: Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol	-
Ethnic groups	Melanesian, Papuan, Negrito, Micronesian, Polynesian	black
Exchange rates	kina per US dollar - 3.706 (January 2002), 3.374 (2001), 2.765 (2000), 2.539 (1999), 2.058 (1998), 1.434 (1997)	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Sir Silas ATOPARE (since 13 November 1997) head of government: Prime Minister Sir Michael SOMARE (since NA August 2002); Deputy Prime Minister Allan MARAT (since NA August 2002) cabinet: National Executive Council appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the National Executive Council; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually is appointed prime minister by the governor general	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Jim POSTON (since 16 December 2002) head of government: Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995) cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports	$1.8 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)	$13.7 million (1999)
Exports - commodities	oil, gold, copper ore, logs, palm oil, coffee, cocoa, crayfish, prawns	lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Exports - partners	Australia 30%, Japan 11%, China 6%, Germany 4%, South Korea 4%, UK 3%, Philippines 1%, US 1% (2000)	US, UK
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	divided diagonally from upper hoist-side corner; the upper triangle is red with a soaring yellow bird of paradise centered; the lower triangle is black with five, white, five-pointed stars of the Southern Cross constellation centered	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus
GDP	purchasing power parity - $12.2 billion (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $128 million (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 30% industry: 37% services: 33% (2000 est.)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $2,400 (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $7,300 (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-2.5% (2001 est.)	8.7% (1999 est.)
Geographic coordinates	6 00 S, 147 00 E	21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note	shares island of New Guinea with Indonesia; one of world's largest swamps along southwest coast	about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Heliports	2 (2002)	-
Highways	total: 19,600 km paved: 686 km unpaved: 18,914 km (1996)	total: 121 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 97 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 2% highest 10%: 41% (1996) (1996)	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports	$1.024 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)	$175.6 million (1999)
Imports - commodities	machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, fuels, chemicals	food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Imports - partners	Australia 50%, Singapore 20%, Japan 4%, NZ 4%, Indonesia 3%, Malaysia 3%, US 2% (2000)	US, UK
Independence	16 September 1975 (from the Australian-administered UN trusteeship)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	copra crushing, palm oil processing, plywood production, wood chip production; mining of gold, silver, and copper; crude oil production; construction, tourism	tourism, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate	56.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	17.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	10.3% (2001 est.)	4% (1995) (1995)
International organization participation	ACP, APEC, ARF (dialogue partner), AsDB, ASEAN (associate member), C, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	3 (2000)	14 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (the chief justice is appointed by the governor general on the proposal of the National Executive Council after consultation with the minister responsible for justice; other judges are appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission)	Supreme Court
Labor force	2.3 million (1999)	4,848 (1990 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 85%, industry NA%, services NA%	about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services (1997 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 820 km border countries: Indonesia 820 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0.13% permanent crops: 1.35% other: 98.52% (1998 est.)	arable land: 2.33% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (1998 est.)
Languages	English spoken by 1%-2%, pidgin English widespread, Motu spoken in Papua region note: 715 indigenous languages	English (official)
Legal system	based on English common law	based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
Legislative branch	unicameral National Parliament - sometimes referred to as the House of Assembly (109 seats, 89 elected from open electorates and 20 from provincial electorates; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 14-28 June 1997 (next to be held 15 June 2002) election results: percent of vote by party - PPP 15%, Pangu Pati 14%, NA 14%, PDM 8%, PNC 6%, PAP 5%, UP 3%, NP 1%, PUP 1%, independents 33%; seats by party - PPP 16, Pangu Pati 15, NA 15, PDM 9, PNC 7, PAP 5, UP 3, NP 1, PUP 1, independents 37; note - association with political parties is very fluid	unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 4 March 1999 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 52.2%, PNP 40.9%, independent 6.9%; seats by party - PDM 9, PNP 4
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 63.83 years male: 61.73 years female: 66.03 years (2002 est.)	total population: 73.76 years male: 71.59 years female: 76.03 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 64.5% male: 72% female: 57% (2000)	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location	Southeastern Asia, group of islands including the eastern half of the island of New Guinea between the Coral Sea and the South Pacific Ocean, east of Indonesia	Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas
Map references	Oceania	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 22 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 40,911 GRT/58,723 DWT ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 10, chemical tanker 1, combination ore/oil 3, container 1, petroleum tanker 3, roll on/roll off 3 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Singapore 2, United Kingdom 7 (2002 est.)	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	Papua New Guinea Defense Force (includes Ground Force, Maritime Operations Element, and Air Operations Element)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$42 million (FY98)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1% (FY98)	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 1,338,003 (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 740,085 (2002 est.)	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 16 September (1975)	Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
Nationality	noun: Papua New Guinean(s) adjective: Papua New Guinean	noun: none adjective: none
Natural hazards	active volcanism; situated along the Pacific "Ring of Fire"; the country is subject to frequent and sometimes severe earthquakes; mud slides; tsunamis	frequent hurricanes
Natural resources	gold, copper, silver, natural gas, timber, oil, fisheries	spiny lobster, conch
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	12.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
People - note	-	destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US
Political parties and leaders	Melanesian Alliance Party or MAP [leader NA]; National Alliance or NA [George MANDA, party president]; National Front Party [leader NA]; National Party or NP [Michael MEL]; Papua New Guinea Revival Party [John PUNDARI]; Papua New Guinea United Party or Pangu Pati [Chris HAIVETA]; People's Action Party or PAP [Ted DIRO]; People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Sir Mekere MORAUTA]; People's Labor Party or PLP [Peter YAMA]; People's National Congress or PNC [Bill SKATE]; People's Progress Party or PPP [Michael NALI]; People's Unity Party or PUP [Alfred KAIABE]; United Party or UP [Rimbiuk PATO] note: more than 40 political parties have registered to participate in the June 2002 elections	People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	5,172,033 (July 2002 est.)	18,738 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	37%	NA%
Population growth rate	2.39% (2002 est.)	3.28% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Kieta, Lae, Madang, Port Moresby, Rabaul	Grand Turk, Providenciales
Radio broadcast stations	AM 8, FM 19, shortwave 28 (1998)	AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	410,000 (1997)	8,000 (1997)
Railways	0 km	0 km
Religions	Roman Catholic 22%, Lutheran 16%, Presbyterian/Methodist/London Missionary Society 8%, Anglican 5%, Evangelical Alliance 4%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1%, other Protestant 10%, indigenous beliefs 34%	Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: services are adequate and being improved; facilities provide radiotelephone and telegraph, coastal radio, aeronautical radio, and international radio communication services domestic: mostly radiotelephone international: submarine cables to Australia and Guam; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean); international radio communication service	general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services domestic: NA international: 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	61,152 (1999)	3,000 (1994)
Telephones - mobile cellular	3,053 (1996)	0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations	3 (all in the Port Moresby area) note: additional stations at Mt. Hagen, Goroka, Lae, and Rabaul are planned (2002)	0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997)
Terrain	mostly mountains with coastal lowlands and rolling foothills	low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Total fertility rate	4.21 children born/woman (2002 est.)	3.18 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA%	10% (1997 est.)
Waterways	10,940 km	none

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